Cupula and endolymph dynamics

Watch endolymph flow and cupula deflection in both lateral canals during head rotation. Bar displays show the push-pull change in vestibular nerve firing rate.

Head turn:
Front of head (top-down view)Right lateral canalampullaLeft lateral canalampullaRight vestibular nerve90 HzLeft vestibular nerve90 Hz
0°/s
What's happening

At rest, both vestibular nerves fire at their resting tonic rate (~90 Hz). The cupula sits undeflected in the ampulla. This baseline symmetry is what the brain interprets as "no head motion."